Leisure and human rights: Bibliography

Document sources

United Nations treaties etc: www.un.org/rights

Ishay, M. R. (Ed.). (2007). The human rights reader, 2nd Edn. New York, NY: Routledge.

Human rights journals (selected)

• Human Rights
• Human Rights Digest
• Human Rights in Developing Countries
• Human Rights Law Review
• Human Rights Quarterly
• Human Rights review
• Harvard Human Rights Journal
• Health and Human Rights
• International Journal of Human Rights
• Journal of Human Rights
• Journal of human Rights Practice
• Law & Ethics of Human Rights

Selected general texts on human rights

Bauer, J.R., & Bell, D.A. (Eds.). The East Asian challenge for human rights. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Chapman, A., & Russell, S. (Eds) (2002). Core obligations: Building a framework for economic, social and cultural rights. Antwerp: Intersentia.

Cranston, M. (1983). Are there any human rights? Daedalus, 112(4), 1-17.

Donnelly, J., & Whelan, D.J. (2020). Universal human rights in theory and practice, 6th Edn. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

Dugard, J., Porter, B., Ikawa, D., & Chenwi, L. (Eds) (2020). Research handbook on economic, social and cultural rights as human rights. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.

Fukuda-Parr, S., Lawson-Remer, T., & Randolph, S. (2015) Fulfilling social and economic rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Glendon, M.A. (2002). A world made new: Eleanor Roosevelt and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. New York: Random House.

Ignatieff, M. (2001). Human rights as politics and idolatry. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Jabine, T.B., & Claude, R.P. (Eds) (1992). Human rights and statistics: Getting the record straight. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Landman, T., & Carvalho, E. (2010). Measuring human rights. London: Routledge.

Nickel, J.W. (2007). Making sense of human rights. Malden, MA: Blackwell.

Robertson, R.E. (1994). Measuring state compliance with the obligation to devote the ‘maximum available resources’ to realizing economic, social, and cultural rights. Human Rights Quarterly, 16(3), 693-714.

Turner, B.S. (1993). Outline of a theory of human rights. Sociology, 27(3), 489-512.

Waldron, J. (Ed.) (1987). Nonsense Upon Stilts: Bentham, Burke and Marx on the rights of man. London: Routledge Revivals.

Leisure

Links added for WLO-related research.

Caudwell, J., & McGee, D. (2018). Editorial: From promotion to protection: human rights and events, leisure and sport. Leisure Studies, 37(1), 1-10.

McGrath, R., Young, J., & Adams, C. (2017). Leisure as a human right: special edition introduction. Annals of Leisure Research, 20(3), 314-316.

Pegg, S., & Compton, D.M. (2003). Creating opportunities and ensuring access to leisure and recreation services though inclusion in the global community. Leisure/Loisir, 28(1-2), 5-26,

Richards, D.L., & Carbonetti, B.C. (2013). Worth what we decide: a defense of the right to leisure. International Journal of Human Rights, 17(3), 329-49.

Risse, M. (2009). A right to work? A right to leisure? Labor rights as human rights. Law & Ethics of Human Rights, 3(1), 1-39.

Rojek, C. (2005). P2P leisure exchange: net banditry and the policing of intellectual property. Leisure Studies, 24(4), 357-369.

Rojek, C. (2005). Leisure Theory. Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan (critical discussion of the 2000 edition of WLO Charter for Leisure on pp. 197-199).

Rose, J.L. (2016). Free Time. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Sivan, A., & Veal, A.J. (2021). Leisure and human rights: the WLO Charter for Leisure: Past, present and future. World Leisure Journal. 63(2), 133-140.

Sylvester, C. (1992). Therapeutic recreation and the right to leisure. Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 26(2), 9-20.

Veal, A.J. (2015). Human rights, leisure and leisure studies. World Leisure Journal, 57(4), 249-272.

Veal, A.J. (2021). Human rights and citizenship rights for leisure, sport, tourism and culture. Wallingford, UK: CABI. Online publication.

Veal, A.J. (2021). International assessment of the right to leisure time. World Leisure Journal, 63(2), 141-151.

Veal, A.J., & Sivan, A. (2022). Holding governments to account for leisure rights: A research agenda. World Leisure Journal, 64(3), 205-220.

Veal, A.J. (2023). Leisure and human rights … or social justice? Leisure Sciences, DOI: 10.1080/01490400.2023.2269202).

Veal, A.J. (2024). A human rights approach to public policy and planning for leisure. In, M. Stodolska, D. Scott & T. Liechty (Eds), Leisure Matters: Exploring leisure in a changing world (pp. 341-350). Venture Publishing.

Veal, A.J., & Sivan, A. (2024). Leisure and human rights: A sociological perspective on  the WLO Charter for Leisure. (Annals of Leisure Research, 2024, 27(3), 327-342 (On-line 2022).

Veal, A.J. (2025, in press). Artificial intelligence and leisure rights? Leisure/Loisir.

Veal, A.J. (2025, in press). Leisure and human rights . Palgrave Macmillan.

• Leisure-related textbooks with human rights contents: see ‘Education’ page.

Play / Children

Brackenridge, C. (2014). Women and children first? Child abuse and child protection in sport. In R. Giulianotti & D. McArdle (Eds), Sport, Civil Liberties and Human Rights (pp. 30-45). London: Routledge,.

Brackenridge, C.H., Rhind, D., & Palmer, S. (2014). Locating and mitigating risks to children associated with major sporting events. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 7(3), 237-250.

Davey, C., & Lundy, L. (2011). Towards greater recognition of the right to play: An analysis of Article 31 of the UNCRC. Children & Society, 25(1), 3-14.

David, P. (2005). Human rights in youth sport. London: Routledge.

Donnelly, P., & Petherick, L. (2006). Workers’ playtime? Child labour at the extremes of the sporting spectrum. In R. Giulianotti & D. McArdle (Eds), Sport, Civil Liberties and Human Rights (pp. 9-29), London: Routledge.

Eekelaar, J. (1992). The importance of thinking that children have rights. International Journal of Law and the Family, 6(1), 221-235.

Hong, F. (2006). Innocence lost: Child athletes in China. In Giulianotti, R., & McArdle, D. (Eds), Sport, civil liberties and human rights (pp. 46-62). London: Routledge.

Neufeld, B. (2018). ‘The kids are alright’: political liberalism, leisure time, and childhood. Philosophical Studies, 175, 1057–1070.

Simpson, B. (2005). Cities as playgrounds: active leisure for children as a human right. In J. Caudwell and P. Bramham (Eds), Sport, Active Leisure and Youth Cultures (pp. 3-23). Eastbourne, UK: Leisure Studies Association.

Todres, J. & Kilkelly, U. (2022). Advancing children’s rights through the arts. Human Rights Quarterly, 44, 38–55.

Environment/heritage

Campion, R., & Stephenson, J. (2014). Recreation on private property: Landowner attitudes towards Allemanstrart. Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 6(1), 52-65.

Curry, N. (2002). Access rights for outdoor recreation in New Zealand: Some lessons for open country in England and Wales. Journal of Environmental Management, 64(4), 423–35.

Hunter, R. (1896/2011). The Preservation of Open Spaces and of Footpaths and Other Rights of Way. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Kellert, S.R. (2012). Birthright: People and nature in the modern world. New Haven, CN: Yale University Press.

Lázaro Ortiz, S., & Jiménez de Madariaga, C. (2022). The UNESCO convention for the safeguarding of the intangible cultural heritage: a critical analysis, International Journal of Cultural Policy, 28(3), 327-341.

McNeish, W., & Oliver, S. (2017). Contracting the right to roam. In K. Spracklen, B. Lashua, E. Sharpe & S. Swain (Eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Leisure Theory (pp. 289-307). London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Nash, R.F. (1989). The rights of nature: A history of environmental ethics. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press.

Ravenscroft, N., & Gilchrist, P. (2011). Outdoor recreation and the environment. In P. Bramham & S. Wragg (Eds), The New Politics of Leisure and Pleasure (pp. 45-62). Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.

Sikora, K. (2021). The right to cultural heritage in international law, with special reference to indigenous peoples’ rights. Santander Art and Culture Law Review, 7(2), 149-172.

Taylor, L., & Whalley, B. (2019). ‘Real change comes from below!’ Walking and singing about places that matter: the formation of the Commoners Choir. Leisure Studies, 38(1), 58-73.

Vrdoljak, A. F. (2014). Human rights and cultural heritage in international law. In F.  Lenzerini  & A. F. Vrdoljak (Eds), International law for common goods : Normative perspectives on human rights, culture and nature (pp. 139-172). London: Bloomsbury.

Sport

Adams, A., & Piekarz, M. (2015) Sport events and human rights: positive promotion or negative erosion? Journal of Policy Research in Tourism. Leisure and Events, 7(3), 220-236.

Beutler, I.  (2008). Sport serving development and peace: Achieving the goals of the United Nations through sport. Sport in Society, 11(4), 359-369.

Booth, D. (2003). Hitting apartheid for six? The politics of the South African sports boycott. Journal of Contemporary History, 38(3), 477-493.

Commonwealth Secretariat & UNESCO (2023). The global sport and Sustainable Development Goals impact report. London: Commonwealth Secretariat.

Council of Europe (2022). Revised European Sports Charter: Enlarged partial agreement on sport. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.

Darcy, S. &  Dowse, L. (2013). In search of a level playing field – the constraints and benefits of sport participation for people with intellectual disability. Disability and Society, 28(3), 393-407.

David, P. (2005). Human rights in youth sport. London: Routledge.

Donnelly, P. (2008). Sport and human rights. Sport in Society,11(4), 381-94.

Donnelly, P. (2018). SDP and human rights. In H. Collison (Ed), Routledge handbook of sport for development and peace (pp. 141–151). London: Routledge.

Donnelly, P. & Petherick, L. (2006). Workers’ playtime? Child labour at the extremes of the sporting spectrum. In R. Giulianotti & D. McArdle (Eds), Sport, civil liberties and human rights (pp. 9-29). London: Routledge.

Giulianotti, R., & McArdle, D. (Eds) (2006). Sport, civil liberties and human rights. London: Routledge.

Horne, J. (2018). Understanding the denial of abuses of human rights connected to sports mega-events. Leisure Studies, 37(1), 11-21.

Imbrišević, M. (2024): Is sport a human right (for transgender athletes)? Sport, Ethics and Philosophy, DOI: 10.1080/17511321.2024.2430264.

Jarvie, G. (2006). Sport, human rights and poverty. Chapter 18 of Sport, Culture and Society: An introduction (pp.363-380). London: Routledge.

Keys, B. (Ed.) (2019). The ideals of global sport: From peace to human rights. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

Kidd, B. (2008). A new social movement: Sport for development and peace. Sport in Society, 11(4), 370–380.

Kidd, B., & Donnelly, P. (2000). Human rights in sports. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 35(2), 131-48.

Koenigstorfer, J., Yang, Y., Bocarro, J. N., Brittain, I., Lundberg, E., McGillivray, D.,  Misener, L., Chalip, L.,  & Duignan, M. B. (2023). The state of play between managing major sports events and human rights: A scoping review. Event Management, 27(6), 823-849.

McGillivray, D., Edwards, M.B., Brittain, I., Bocarro. J., & Koenigstorfer, J. (2018). A conceptual model and research agenda for bidding, planning and delivering major sport events that lever human rights, Leisure Studies. 38(2), 175-190.

Rowe, D. (2006). Watching brief: Cultural citizenship and viewing rights. In R. Giulianotti & D. McArdle (Eds), Sport, Civil Liberties and Human Rights (pp. 93-110). London: Routledge.

Sant, S-L., Maleske, C., & Vanderbol, K. (2024). Research on human rights and large-scale sport events from 1990 to 2022: a scoping review. Sport Management Review, 27(1), 23-44.

Taylor, T. (Ed.) (1999). How you Play the Game. Papers from the First International Conference on Sports and Human Rights. Sydney: University of Technology Sydney.

UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) (2014). International Charter of Physical Education, Physical Activity and Sport. Paris: UNESCO.

Veal, A.J. (2022). Sport and human rights: Assessing the performance of nation states in assuring the right to sport participation. European Journal for Sport and Society, 20(2), 140-160.

The arts/culture

Alliance for Cultural Democracy (1996). A draft for a declaration of cultural human rights. San Francisco: ACD, at: www.docspopuli.org/articles/ACD/ACD_Declaration.html.

Baltà Portolés, J., & Dragićevic Šešić, M. (2017). Cultural rights and their contribution to sustainable development: implications for cultural policy. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 23(2), 159-173.

Carter, J., & Orange, J. (2012). Contentious terrain: defining a human rights museology. Museum Management and Curatorship, 27(2), 111-27.

Darcy, S., & Taylor, T. (2009). Disability citizenship: an Australian human rights analysis of the cultural industries. Leisure Studies, 28(4), 419-41.

Donders, Y.  (2008). Cultural life in the context of human rights. Document E/C.12/40/13. New York: United Nations.

Hansen, S.A. (2002). The right to take part in cultural life. In A. Chapman & S. Russell (eds), Core Obligations: Building a framework for economic, social and cultural rights. Intersentia, Antwerp, pp. 279–303.

Hewison, R., & Holden, J. (2004). The Right to Art: Making aspirations reality. London: Demos.

Horne, D. (1986). The Public Culture. London: Pluto, (see pp. 232-237, ‘A declaration of cultural rights’).

Ivey, B. (2008). Arts Inc.: How greed and neglect have destroyed our cultural rights. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Lázaro Ortiz, S., & Jiménez de Madariaga, C. (2022). The UNESCO convention for the safeguarding of the intangible cultural heritage: a critical analysis, International Journal of Cultural Policy, 28(3), 327-341.

Madden, C. (2005). Indicators for arts and cultural policy: A global perspective. Cultural Trends, 14(3), 217-247.

Observatory of Diversity and Cultural Rights (2007). Cultural rights: Fribourg Declaration. Fribourg: Observatory of Diversity and Cultural Rights, Fribourg University/Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie/UNESCO.

Shaheed, F. (2013). The Right to Freedom of Artistic Expression and Creativity: Report of the Special Rapporteur in the Field of Cultural Rights, Doc. A/HRC/23/24. New York: UN General Assembly.

Stamatopoulou, E. (2004). Why cultural rights now? New York: Carnegie Council, available at: www.carnegiecouncil.org/studio/multimedia/20040923b/index.html.

Stavenhagen, R. (1998). Cultural rights: A social science perspective. In H. Nieć (Ed.), Cultural rights and wrongs (pp. 1-20). Paris: UNESCO Publishing.

Symonides, J. (1998). Cultural rights: A neglected category of human rights. International Social Science Journal, 50(158), 559-571.

UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (2009a). General comment No. 21: Right of everyone to take part in cultural life, Document E/C.12/ GC/21. New York: United Nations.

Veal, A.J. (2022). Cultural participation as a human right: Holding nation states to account. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 2022, 29(6), 686-700.

Tourism

Bianchi, R.V., & Stephenson, M.L. (2014). Tourism and Citizenship: Rights, freedoms and responsibilities in the global order. London: Routledge.

Bianchi, R. V., Stephenson, M. L., & Hannam, K. (2020). The contradictory politics of the right to travel: Mobilities, borders and tourism. Mobilities, 15(2), 290-306.

Breakey, N., & Breakey, H. (2013). Is there a right to tourism? Tourism Analysis, 18(5), pp. 739–748.

Cole, S., & Eriksson, J. (2010). Tourism and human rights. In S. Cole & N. Morgan (Eds),  Tourism and inequality (pp. 107-125). Wallingford, UK: CABI.

Cranston, M. (1983). Are there any human rights? Daedalus, 112(4), 1–17.

D’Amore, L. (1988). Tourism: The world’s peace industry. Journal of Travel Research,  27(1), 35-40.

Fennel, D. A. (2019). The future of ethics in tourism. In Fayos-Solà, E., & Cooper, C. (Eds), The future of tourism: innovation and sustainability (pp. 155-178). Cham: Springer.

George, B.P., & Varghese, V. (2007). Human rights in tourism: conceptualization and stakeholder perspectives. Electronic Journal of Business Ethics and Organization Studies, 12(2), 40-48.

Goodwin, H. (2009). Reflections on 10 years of Pro‐Poor Tourism, Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events, 1(1), 90-94.

Hall, C.M. (Ed.) (2007). Pro-poor Tourism: Who benefits? Bristol: Channel View.

Haulot, A. (1981). Social tourism: current dimensions and future developments. International Journal of Tourism Management, 2(2), 207-212.

Harrison, D. (2008). Pro-poor tourism: A critique. Third World Quarterly, 29(5), 851-868.

Harrison, D. (2016). Do tourists have obligations as well as rights? Tourism Recreation Research, 41(1), 101-103.

Hashimoto, A. (2021). Rights to freedom of movement and tourism. In A. Hashimoto, E. Hȁrkönen & E. Nkyi (Eds), Human rights issues in tourism (pp. 208-235). London: Routledge.

Jeffreys, S. (1999). Globalizing sexual exploitation: sex tourism and the traffic in women, Leisure Studies, 18(3), 179-196.

Korstanje, M. E. (2024).Times of warfare and peace: Tourism as a peace-builder? In A. Farmaki (Ed.). A research agenda for peace and tourism (pp. 16-34). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

Litvin, S. W. (1998). Tourism: The world’s peace industry? Journal of Travel Research, 37(6), 63-66.

Lovelock, B., & Lovelock, K.M. (2013) The Ethics of Tourism: Critical and applied perspectives. London: Routledge (Chapter 4: ‘Human rights’, pp. 63-94).

McCabe, S. (2009). Who needs a holiday? Evaluating social tourism. Annals of Tourism Research 36(4), 667–688.

McCabe, S., & Diekmann, A. (2015). The rights to tourism: reflections on social tourism and human rights. Tourism Recreation Research, 40(2), 194-204.

McCabe, S., Minnaert, L., & Diekman, A. (2012). Social Tourism in Europe: Theory and practice. Bristol: Channel View.

Nkyi, E., & Hashimoto, A. 2015. Human rights issues in tourism development. In R. Sharpley & D. J. Telfer (Eds), Tourism and development: Concepts and issues, 2nd ed (pp. 378–399). Bristol: Channel View Publications.

O’Byrne, D. J. (2001). On passports and border controls. Annals of Tourism Research, 28(2), 399–416.

Ray, R., & Schmitt, J. (2008). The right to vacation: an international perspective. International Journal of Health Services, 38(1), 21–45.

Richards, G. (1998). Time for a holiday? Social rights and international tourism consumption. Time and Society, 7(1), 145-60.

Tang, Z., Wu, C. W., & Cheng, W. L. (2023). Human rights and mega-events: a systematic literature review. Event Management, 27(6), 851–875.

Tourism Concern (2009). Putting tourism to rights: A challenge to human rights abuses in the tourism industry. London: Tourism Concern.

UN World Tourism Organization (1985). Tourism Bill of Rights and Tourist Code. Madrid: UNWTO.

UN World Tourism Organization (2015). Tourism in the 2030 Agenda. Madrid: UNWTO.

UN World Tourism Organization (2020). Framework Convention on Tourism Ethics. Madrid: UNWTO.

World Tourism Organization (1999). Global Code of Ethics for Tourism. Madrid: WTO.

Women / gender

Aitchison, C. (2013). Gender and leisure policy discourses: The cultural turn to social justice. In V. J. Freysinger, S. M. Shaw, K. A. Henderson & M. D. Bialeschki (Eds), Leisure, women, and gender (pp. 521-540). State College: Venture Publishing.

Bustelo, M. (2000). The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women at the crossroads. In P. Alston & J. Crawford (Eds), The future of UN human rights treaty monitoring (pp. 79-111). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Deem, R. (1985). Politics of women’s leisure. Sociological Review, 33(1, suppl.), 210-228.

Freysinger, V. J., Shaw, S. M., Henderson, K. A., & Bialeschki, M.D. (2013). Reflections on leisure, women and gender. In Freysinger et al. (Eds), Leisure, women, and gender (pp. 541-559). State College: Venture Publishing.

Henderson, K.A., & Bialeschki, M.D. (1991). A sense of entitlement to leisure as constraint and empowerment for women. Leisure Sciences, 13(1), 51-65.

International Panel of Experts (2007). The Yogyakarta principles on the application of international human rights law in relation to sexual orientation and gender identity. Yogyakarta (Indonesia): International Panel of Experts, https://yogyakartaprinciples.org/.

International Working Group on Women & Sport (IWGWS) (2014). Brighton plus Helsinki Declaration, 2014. Gaborone (Botswana): IWGWS.

International Working Group on Women & Sport (IWGWS) (2014). Brighton plus Helsinki Declaration, 2014, Gaborone, Botswana: IWGWS.

Kollman, K., & Waites, M. (2009). The global politics of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender human rights: an introduction. Contemporary Politics, 15(1), 1-17.

Mason, S. (1999). Beyond flow: The need for a feminist ethics of leisure. Leisure Studies, 18(3), 233–248.

Reeves, R.B. (1994). Women’s right to leisure: A feminist perspective. Humanity and Society, 18(4), 47-54.

Taylor, Y. (2007). ‘If your face doesn’t fit…’: The misrecognition of working‐class lesbians in scene space. Leisure Studies, 26(2), 161-178.

Waites, M. (2009). Critique of ‘sexual orientation’ and ‘gender identity’ in human rights discourse: global queer politics beyond the Yogyakarta Principles. Contemporary Politics, 15(1), 137-156.

People with disabilities

Cashman, R., & Darcy, S. (2008). Benchmark games: The Sydney 2000 Paralympic Games. Sydney: Walla Walla Press.

Darcy, S. (1999). Access all areas? How the leisure industry provides for people with disabilities. Australian Leisure Management, 15, 68-70.

Darcy, S. (2004) Guest editor’s introduction: Special issue: Leisure and disability. Annals of Leisure Research, 7(2), vi-viii.

Darcy, S. & Dowse, L. (2013). In search of a level playing field – the constraints and benefits of sport participation for people with intellectual disability. Disability and Society, 28(3), 393-407.

Darcy, S., Lock, D., & Taylor, T. (2017). Enabling inclusive sport participation: Effects of disability and support needs on constraints to sport participation. Leisure Sciences, 39(1), 20-41.

Darcy, S., Maxwell, H., Edwards, M., & Almond, B. (2023). Disability inclusion in beach precincts: beach for all abilities – a community development approach through a social relational model of disability lens. Sport Management Review, 26(1), 1-23.

Darcy, S., & Taylor, T. (2009). Disability citizenship: an Australian human rights analysis of the cultural industries. Leisure Studies, 28(4), 419-441.

Devine, M. A. (2021). Inclusive leisure for individuals with disabilities: Consideration of the case for social justice. Loisir & Société/Society & Leisure, 44(2), 171-181.

Hughes, B., & Paterson, K. (1997). The social model of disability and the disappearing body: Towards a sociology of impairment. Disability & Society, 12(3), 325–340.

Hutzler, Y., Bardal, R., Mintz1, A., & Hayosh, T. (2016). Reverse Integration in wheelchair basketball: A serious leisure perspective. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 40(4), 338–360.

Lobel, B. & Thom, J. (2019). On the fringe of the fringe: Artmaking, access, rights, and community. In B. Hadley & D. McDonald (Eds), The Routledge handbook of disability arts, culture, and media (pp. 243-250). London: Routledge.

Oliver, M., & Barnes, C. (2012). The new politics of disablement. London: Bloomsbury (Kindle Edition).

Oliver, M. (2013). The social model of disability: thirty years on. Disability & Society, 28(7), 1024-1026.

Patterson, I. (2000). Developing a meaningful identity for people with disabilities through serious leisure activities. World Leisure Journal, 42(2), 41–51.

Pegg, S., & Compton, D. M. (2003). Creating opportunities and ensuring access to leisure and recreation services through inclusion in the global community. Leisure/Loisir, 28 (1- 2), 5-26.

Series, L. (2020). Disability and human rights. In N. Watson & S. Vehmas (Eds), Routledge handbook of disability studies, 2nd Edn (pp. 72-88). London: Routledge.

Smith, B., & Sparkes, A. C. (2020). Disability, sport and physical activity. In N. Watson & S. Vehmas (Eds), Routledge handbook of disability studies, 2nd Edn (pp. 391-403). London: Routledge.

Stumbo, N., Pegg, S., & Wang, Y. (2012). Guest editorial: Special issue: Leisure, health and disability. World Leisure Journal, 54(3), 198-200.

Roberts, A., Greenhill, B., Talbot, A., & Cuzak. M. (2011). Standing up for my human rights: A groups journey beyond consultation towards co-production. British Journal of Learning Disabilities 40(4), 292–301.

Singleton, J., & Darcy, S. (2013).‘Cultural life’, disability, inclusion and citizenship: moving beyond leisure in isolation. Annals of Leisure Research, 16(3), 183-192.

United Nations (2018). The United Nations and disability: 70 years of the work towards a more inclusive world. New York: UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs.

Wall-Reinius, S., Godtman Kling, K., & Ioannides, D. (2023). Access to nature for persons with disabilities: Perspectives and practices of Swedish tourism providers. Tourism Planning & Development, 20(3), 336-354.

Race/ethnicity

Arai, S., & Kivel, B. D. (2009). Critical race theory and social justice perspectives on whiteness, difference(s) and (anti)racism: A fourth wave of race research in leisure studies, Journal of Leisure Research, 41(4), 459-472.

Delgado, R., & Stefancic, J. (2023). Critical race theory: an introduction, Fourth edn. New York: New York University Press. Kindle Edition.

Hylton, K. (2005). ‘Race’, sport and leisure: lessons from critical race theory. Leisure Studies, 24(1), 81-98.

Solorzano, D.G., & Yosso, T.J. (2001). Critical race and LatCrit theory and method: Counter-storytelling. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 14(4), 471-495.

The aged

Karev, I., & Doron, I. (2017). The human right to leisure in old age: Reinforcement of the rights of an aging population. Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 29(3), 276-295.

Poffé, L. (2015). Towards a new United Nations human rights convention for older persons? Human Rights Law Review, 15(3), 591–601.

United Nations (1991). United Nations principles for older persons: General Assembly resolution 46/9.1. New York: United Nations.

United Nations (2002). Political Declaration and Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing. New York: United Nations.

Animal rights

Carr, N., & Young, J. (Eds) (2018a). Domestic Animals, Humans, and Leisure: Rights, welfare, and wellbeing. London: Routledge.

Carr, N., & Young, J. (Eds) (2018b). Wild Animals and Leisure: Rights and wellbeing. London: Routledge.

Yerbury, R., Boyd, W., Lloyd, D., &  Brooks, A. (2017). Right to leisure? Refocusing on the dolphin. Annals of Leisure Research, 20(3), 368-385.